Horizontal Decanter Centrifuge's Working Principle

Horizontal Decanter Centrifuge's Working Principle

1). The Separation principle

The separation of liquid and solids is finished in the drum bowl. The high speed drum bowl take the inner drilling fluid rotate in a high speed.  Then the drilling fluid was thrown of to the drum wall and form a fluid ring.  The solid phase in the fluid ring are subjected to centrifugal forces hundreds or even thousands of times greater than their own gravity. The solids particles break the resistance of  fluid viscosity and to the inner wall form a solid layer, and the liquid form a fluid layer.  The ratio of the centrifugal force to the gravity of the solid particles in the fluid ring is called the separation factor of the Decanter Centrifuge. The bigger separation factors, the thinner of  separation particles.  In the oil drilling, the decanter centrifuge can be divided i three types.

a).  Lower speed centrifuge. This type decanter centrifuge is also called barite recycle centrifuge. Its separator factor is 500-700. For the lower density solids phase,  its separation size is 6-10 micron meters. For the higher density solids phase, its separation size is 4-7 micron meters.

b). Middle speed centrifuge. This type decanter centrifuge is 800, it can separate 5-7 micron meters' solids. This type is the most using one, using in removing the harmful solids, control mud density and viscosity.

c). High speed centrifuge. This type's centrifuge's separation factor is 1200-2100, the separation size is 2-5 micron meters, and also using in removing the harmful solids. control the mud density and viscosity. It is commonly used in series with low-speed centrifuge to form a two-engine system.  In this system, the lower speed decanter centrifuge is the first phase, the separation barite is sent back to the mud tank to recover the barite.  The liquid discharged by lower speed centrifuge is into a buffer tank. Then using a pump to suction this fluid to feeding in high speed decanter centrifuge. After the high speed decanter centrifuge, the solids is discharged to outside of tank, and the liquid into the recycling system. Using two equipment, both can remove the harmful solids, also escape the waste of barite.

The high speed centrifuge also has VFD type. The frequency can be adjusted.

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