Desander and Desilter's difference

Desander and Desilter's difference

The diameter of the hydrocyclone's upper parts is the important factor which decide the hydrocyclone's treating capacity and separation size. The diameter of the cylinder is called the nominal size of the cyclone. The lower cone part's angle is between 15-20 degrees. The diameter of underflow mouth is 10-30 mm. Generally, a group of hydrocyclones which nominal size is 150-300mm, is called Desander. And a group of hydrocyclones which nominal size is 50-125mm, is called Desilter.

(1) Hydrocyclone desander

According to the treating capacity required, the desander has one to three hydrocyclones. Each hydrocyclone's treating capacity is no less than 20-120m3/h under the pressure of 0.2 Mpa. The normal working hydrocyclones can remove 95% of particles bigger than 74 micron meters and 50% of particles bigger than 40 micron meters. In order to improve the using efficiency, in choosing the hydrocyclones, the treating capacity must be 125% of whole drilling capacity.

(2) Hydrocyclone desilter

According to the treating capacity required, the desilter has more than 4 pieces of hydrocyclones. Each hydrocyclone's treating capacity is no less than 5-15m3/h under the pressure of 0.2 Mpa. The normal working hydrocyclones can remove 95% of particles bigger than 40 micron meters and 50% of particles bigger than 15 micron meters. The desilter can remove 12-13 micron meters' barites. So the desilter can not be used in treating heavier drilling fluid. In choosing the desilter, the treating capacity must be 125%-150% of whole drilling fluid capacity.

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Desander and Desilter's Working Principle

Desander and Desilter's working principle

Hydrocyclone desander and hydrocyclone desilter is the second and third grade cleaning equipment in the whole solids control system. It is combined with inlet pipes, discharge pipes, one group of hydrocyclones, cleaning shaker, bottom base and support parts. Like the following photo show.

1- Motor, 2-Bottom base, 3-Support parts, 4-Hydrocyclones, 5, Sand discharge pool, 6-cleaning shaker

The hydrocyclone's working principle is as below show:

The Hydrocyclone is combined with upper shell, lower shell and underflow mouth. The upper shell is cylindrical type, then forming an inlet. There is an inlet pipe on the side and a vortex tube on the top of center, then forming an overflow mouth. The lower shell is conical and has a general cone Angle for 15-20 degrees. The bottom is underflow mouth, the solids is discharged from this mouth.

When the drilling fluid which contain a certain flow rate and pressure through into the hydrocyclone from inlet mouth's tangential direction and swivel in a high speed, under the centrifugal force, the heavy solids in the drilling fluid was thrown off to the inner shell of hydrocyclones and down, finally discharged from underflow mouth. The lighter solids and drilling fluid form a upper vortex, and then discharged from overflow mouth. 

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Working Principle of Shale Shaker (II)

Mongoose Shale Shaker and Working Principles

Mongoose shale shaker contains three parts: 1). screen box and angle adjustment, 2) vibration, 3). shaker screen locking. The Mongoose shale shaker is linear motion shale shaker. The unique design of the screen box can provide maximum screening rate and make the solid phase discharged from screen more dry.

The Mongoose shale shaker screens is superior to general screen. Usually, the first screen is horizontal position. It will be submerged the drilling fluid 1-2 inches deep. the drilling fluid pool will produce uniform hydraulic pressure on the screen which increase the size of first screen capacity. Normally, the submerged drilling fluid in the screen box extends to the end of the second screen. The third screen is used separation the drilling fluid which separated by first and second screen. When the drilling fluid flow changed or flow rate reduced, the drilling fluid from the second screen to the third screen, then from the third screen to guide plate, and then become a fluid pool to escape the drilling fluid's wash away.  The angle adjust can up to 3 degree, below can adjust -5 degree.  When the flow rate bigger, the angle of screen deck can increase the depth of fluid pool. The deep fluid pool can escape the fluid' wash off.

The vibrating includes two vibrating motors, this two motors can produce 2-4.5g 's vibrating force, the amplitude is 3.2mm. The mongoose shaker screen's tension is using the fixed block, its easy to install. 

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Working Principle of Shale Shaker (I)

One of the most important solids control equipment- Linear motion shale shaker

Shale shaker is the most important cleaning equipment in the solids control system. As the first stage of drilling fluid cleaning, the function of shale shaker is to remove the solids size bigger than 70 micron meters which return from wellhead and keep the solids do not break. So that the next stage of cleaning equipment can further purity the drilling fluid. The shale shaker's working performance directly affecting the quality of first stage cleaning of drilling fluid, and also influenced the next purify stage.

Working principle and function:  The shale shaker is mainly composed of a screen frame, a screen mesh exciter and anti-vibration elements. By the vibration force  and through screen mesh hole to separate bigger solids out and by the adsorption force to separate solids size smaller than screen mesh hole. The drilling fluid coming back from wellhead to screen by feeding channel. The solids was discharged from the tail of the screen, and liquid with smaller size solids is poured into the drilling fluid system. Then finish the separation.

Now, the using shale shakers in the drilling site are all have the same working principles. That is, the eccentric shaft is driven by the motor to rotate at high speed, when eccentric shaft rotates, there is a strong centrifugal force which acts on the elastic vibrator. Thus make the shaker screens vibrate at a higher frequency.

Details will be continue on next blog.

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Offshore Drilling--The Solids Control System's Flow Process(II)

Today we continue yesterday's pipelines in solids control systems.

6). Drilling pipe lines: Access from drilling platform's drilling water tank and access to each cabin. In the drilling process, it is used for configuring the drilling mud or flush the mud tank.

7). The oil base line: Use the base oil pump to extract the base oil from the base oil tank and transfer it to each cabin. In the drilling process, when using the oil base mud, the oil base line need modulate the oil base drilling mud.

8). Medium pressure drilling gun pipe line: Through the drilling mud, the drilling mud was increased pressure. Then across the fluid gun pipe to transport to medium pressure drilling mud hydraulic gun. The hydraulic gun's function is cleaning the sediment on the mud tank and mixer the drilling fluid. This years, each mud agitators contain bottom impellers, so almost cancel the hydraulic gun.

9).  Tank bottom connection pipe line: the function of tank bottom connection pipeline is to connect every two adjacent cabins. There are two connection types. One is straight connection pipes and the other is balanced liquid pipeline.

10).  Shearing pump's suction and discharge pipeline: Polymer drilling fluid through shearing pump to shearing hoppers. After configured from shearing hopper to transport to different function solids control tanks. This pipeline is chosen one, in the offshore drilling, usually do not contain this parts.

11). Feeding pipe line: When drilling, the feeding pump pours the drilling fluid in the well to balance the earth formation pressure.

12).  Tank bottom discharge pipeline: At the bottom of each cabin, there is a discharge port. This discharge port connected with discharge pipe to collection the waste.  In the tank bottom discharge pipe line, there is water cleaning pipes to cleaning the pipe.

The pipeline parts are finished, if you have any suggestion, welcome to contact with me. We manufacture and design solids control system for you!

Email: alisa@jxsolidscontrol.com
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Offshore Drilling--The Solids Control System's Flow Process(I)

Today we continue the solids control system detail description.
The solids control system's flow process

Drilling fluid solids control system's complete preparation and transportation is through different pipelines.

1). Elevated pipeline: The elevated pipeline take the drilling fluid from wellhead and transported to circulation tanks for the first grade cleaning equipment. Usually, the parameter of return pipe is no less than 12", and the return pipe used more than 5000 meters' drilling rig is no less than 14".  Becasue in the first opening process, the drilling fluid contain bigger mud cake, in order to no block the pipe line, the return pipe need slope at least 3 degree. If we choose round pipe as return pipe, it need contain a winder for cleaning the sediment solids. There is also a flow meter on the return pipe to measure the total volume of drilling fluid and the flow speed.

2). Drilling pump suction pipeline: connect with the moving tank, and the drilling mud suction line enters into the drilling pump. Usually, the drilling pump's suction pipe line contains drilling pumps self suction line and the feeding pump's feeding pipe line. But it is also can be chosen one type. In the suction pipe line, it needs design drilling mud filtration screen to remove the bigger solids and other impurities in the drilling mud. The suction pipe line's suction month in the each cabin keep 200 to 300 meters height.

3). Pressure relief line of drilling pump:This pipeline is drilling pump safe valves discharge pipe. The discharge pipe line is connected with the nearest drilling mud cabin, so minimize the pipe bend, its easy discharge the fluid.

4). The mixed pump's suction and discharge pipeline: The drilling fluid in the mud tank is sucked into the mixed pump, and then into the mixed hopper, in the mixed hopper, it is added chemical and then transported into different solids control tanks. In the offshore drilling, usually design two different feeding fluid pipe lines. One pipe line used in drilling rig's grey system, through buffer tank to adding chemicals. The other used in drilling process to feeding fluid of bulk pack.

5). Seawater pipe line: Access from the seawater piping of the platform to each cabin involved in the preparation of the slurry. In the drilling process, it is used in the allocation of drilling mud.

Others will be continue tomorrow.

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The Purification Process of Drilling Fluid in the System

The Purification Process of Drilling Fluid in the System
1) Primary Purification
    Primary purification is the drilling fluid treatment through Shale shaker. The configured drilling fluid was taken into bottom of drilling well, then turn back to the ground with drilling cuttings. Through the drilling pumps then come into the shale shaker. The shale shaker separate the bigger solids out from the drilling fluid.

2). The secondary purification
     When the drilling fluid was soaked in gas, using the Vacuum degasser can remove the gas in the drilling fluid. So thus can recover the drilling fluid density, stable drilling fluid viscosity.

3). Tertiary purification
     After the secondary purification, the drilling fluid enters the Desander by the power of centrifugal pump. Through the desander's hydrocyclones, the solids size bigger than 40-60 micron meters were separated out.

4). The level fourth purification
     After the tertiary purification, the drilling fluid enters the Desilter by centrifugal pump. Through the desilter's hydrocyclones, the solids size bigger than 15-40 micron meters were separated out.

5). The fifth level purification
     The drilling fluid after the fourth level come into the Decanter Centrifuge by the power of Screw pump. The decanter centrifuge can separate the solids size 5-15 micron meters out.

Completer Photos:

     
Origin: Hebei JinXin Machinery Co., Ltd

Email: alisa@jxsolidscontrol.com